夜间咖啡馆 |
夜间咖啡馆 是梵高在阿尔时期创作的名画。这幅画描绘了一个名为Cafe de la Gare的整夜开放的酒馆,该酒馆属于Joseph-Michel Ginoux及他的妻子。
梵高生前经常光顾妓院和声名狼藉的饮酒场所。 Cafe de la Gare隐蔽的位置给了梵高作画的灵感,他在信中对弟弟席奥说: 在我的“夜间咖啡馆”一画中,我试图体现出这里给我的感觉——在这里你可以毁了自己、发疯或者犯罪。所以我试图描绘出在这样一个世俗的公共场所中黑暗的力量。我用柔和的路易斯XV绿,配上孔雀石绿,与黄绿色和刺眼的蓝绿色做对比。所有这一切营造的氛围就像在魔鬼的熔炉里,弥漫着惨白的硫磺。 画面整体给人一种孤独绝望的感觉。 慵懒的饮酒者与台球桌后面孤寂的店主Joseph-Michel Ginoux,再加上画面倾斜的视角和鲜明的色彩,都使人感到不安。梵高本人把这幅画的基调比作正在发作的震颤谵妄(慢性酒精中毒者突然停饮后出现的急性精神障碍)。(信件534号) 在致席奥的另一封信中,梵高承认这幅画确实使人感到不安,但认为这正是这幅画的成功之处: "播种"这幅画依旧困扰着我。通常对来我说,像“播种”和这幅“夜间咖啡馆”这类夸张的手法是很残暴丑陋的。然而,当我被一些东西感动后,正如我现在被写陀思妥耶夫斯基的一篇文章打动了,我就会认为只有这类的画才有深意。 一般来说,梵高只会在自己比较满意的作品中签上他的名字。在这幅画的右下角,梵高写到“夜间咖啡馆,文森特”。 高更,画家,是梵高的朋友,在夜晚的咖啡馆 画完不久后与梵高同住了一段时间。事实上,高更也画了一幅夜间咖啡馆。(高更的版本)两幅画的氛围颇为不同。梵高的版本给人的感觉更多是孤寂和绝望,而高更的版本更活泼一些,画面的重点在Ginoux夫人身上。高更给Emile Bernard的信中写道: “ . . . 这个咖啡馆文森特很喜欢,但我并没有那么喜欢。归根结底我不适合这样的场所和这样的小市民生活。看别人这样生活我觉得不错,但自己总是感到不舒服。” 两幅画不同的风格也许正反映出两位画家不同的性格。高更更加的随和开朗,因此他把咖啡馆画成了一个轻松、喧闹的场所。而梵高由于深受与世隔绝的苦痛与内心挣扎的折磨,把咖啡馆画成了一个令人感到不安的地方。1 对比 . . . .
网站资源 . . . . 在耶鲁大学艺术博物馆欣赏夜间咖啡馆的短片
注释 |
Owner | City | Country | Date acquired | Comments |
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Johanna van Gogh-Bonger | Amsterdam | Netherlands | ||
Bernheim-Jeune Art Gallery | Paris | France | April, 1907 | |
Ivan Morosov | Moscow | Russia | 1908 | Acquired at the exhibition of the Golden Fleece, Moscow. |
Museum of Modern Art | Moscow | Russia | ||
Knoedler Art Gallery | New York | United States | |
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Stephen C. Clark | New York | United States | 1933 or 1934 | |
Yale University Art Gallery | New Haven (Conn.) | United States | 1961 | Stephen Carlton Clark bequest. |
Year | City | Country | Venue | Exhibition Name | Start Date | End Date | No. |
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1905 | Amsterdam | Netherlands | Stedelijk Museum | Tentoonstelling Vincent van Gogh | 15 July 1905 | 1 August 1905 | 133 |
1905 | Utrecht | Netherlands | Vereeniging 'Voor de Kunst' | Tentoonstelling van schilderijen door Vincent van Gogh | 10 September 1905 | 1 October 1905 | 43 |
1906 | Rotterdam | Netherlands | Kunstzalen Oldenzeel | Tentoonstelling Vincent van Gogh | 26 January 1906 | 28 February 1906 | 39 |
1908 | Moscow | Russia | Exp. 'Toison d'or' | |
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1928 | Moscow | Russia | Museum of Modern Art | |
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81 |
1934 | Chicago | United States | Art Institute of Chicago | A Century of Progress, Paintings and Sculpture | 1 June 1934 | 1 November 1934 | 312 |
1934-35 | New York | United States | Museum of Modern Art | Modern Work of Art | 20 November 1934 | 20 January 1935 | 17 |
1935-36 | New York | United States | Museum of Modern Art | Vincent van Gogh | 5 November 1935 | 5 January 1936 | 34 |
1936 | Philadelphia | United States | Philadelphia Museum of Art | Vincent van Gogh | 11 January 1936 | 10 February 1936 | 34 |
1936 | Boston | United States | Museum of Fine Arts | Vincent van Gogh | 19 February 1936 | 15 March 1936 | 34 |
1936 | Cleveland (1) | United States | Cleveland Museum of Art | Vincent van Gogh | 25 March 1936 | 19 April 1936 | 34 |
1936 | San Francisco | United States | California Palace of the Legion of Honor | Vincent van Gogh | 28 April 1936 | 24 May 1936 | 34 |
1936 | Kansas City | United States | William Rockhill Nelson Gallery of Art and Atkins Museum | Vincent van Gogh | 9 June 1936 | 10 July 1936 | 34 |
1936 | Minneapolis | United States | Minneapolis Institute of Arts | Vincent van Gogh | 20 July 1936 | 17 August 1936 | 34 |
1936 | Chicago | United States | Art Institute of Chicago | Vincent van Gogh | 26 August 1936 | 23 September 1936 | 34 |
1936 | Detroit | United States | Detroit Institute of Arts | Vincent van Gogh | 6 October 1936 | 28 October 1936 | 34 |
1940 | New York (2) | United States | New York World's Fair | Masterpieces of Art | |
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360 |
1940 | Chicago | United States | Arts Club | Origins of Modern Art | |
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32 |
1940 | New York (1) | United States | Museum of Modern Art | Modern Masters from European and American Collections | 26 January 1940 | 24 March 1940 | 10 |
1942 | New York | United States | Paul Rosenberg | Vincent van Gogh Masterpieces | 5 January 1942 | 31 January 1942 | 1 |
1943 | New York (2) | United States | Wildenstein and Co. | The Art and Life of Vincent van Gogh. Loan Exhibition in Aid of American and Dutch War Relief | 6 October 1943 | 7 November 1943 | 32 |
1948 | New York (1) | United States | M. Knoedler and Co. | Vincent van Gogh: 14 Masterpieces | 30 March 1948 | 17 April 1948 | 6 |
1948 | Cleveland | United States | Cleveland Museum of Art | Vincent van Gogh | 3 November 1948 | 12 December 1948 | 11 |
1949-50 | New York | United States | Metropolitan Museum of Art | Vincent van Gogh Paintings and Drawings. A Special Loan Exhibition | 21 October 1949 | 15 January 1950 | 80a |
1950 | Chicago | United States | Art Institute of Chicago | Vincent van Gogh Paintings and Drawings. A Special Loan Exhibition | 1 February 1950 | 16 April 1950 | 80a |
1955 | New York (3) | United States | Museum of Modern Art | Paintings from Private Collections | 31 May 1955 | 5 September 1955 | 45 |
1958 | New York (1) | United States | Metropolitan Museum of Art | Paintings from Private Collections, Summer Loan Exhibition | 1 July 1958 | 1 September 1958 | 65 |
1959 | New York (2) | United States | Metropolitan Museum of Art | Paintings from Private Collections, Summer Loan Exhibition | 7 July 1959 | 6 September 1959 | 51 |
1960 | New Haven | United States | Yale University Art Gallery | Paintings, Drawings and Sculpture, Collected by Yale Alumni | 19 May 1960 | 26 June 1960 | 70 |
1960 | New York (2) | United States | Metropolitan Museum of Art | Paintings from Private Collections, Summer Loan Exhibition | 6 July 1960 | 4 September 1960 | 47 |
1990 | Amsterdam | Netherlands | Van Gogh Museum | Vincent van Gogh. Schilderijen | 30 March 1990 | 29 July 1990 | 58 |
1993 | Essen | Germany | Museum Folkwang | Morosow und Schtschukin, die Russischen Sammler: Monet bis Picasso | 25 June 1993 | 31 October 1993 | |
1993-94 | Moscow | Russia | Pushkin Museum | Morosow und Schtschukin, die Russischen Sammler: Monet bis Picasso | 30 November 1993 | 30 January 1994 | |
1994 | St. Petersburg | Russia | Hermitage | Morosow und Schtschukin, die Russischen Sammler: Monet bis Picasso | 16 February 1994 | 16 April 1994 | |
2006 | Williamstown, Massachusetts | United States | Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute | The Clark Brothers Collect: Impressionist and Early Modern Paintings from the Collections of Sterling and Stephen Clark | 4 June 2006 | 4 September 2006 | 1 |
2007 | New York (2) | United States | Metropolitan Museum | Impressionist and Early Modern Paintings: The Clark Brothers Collect | 22 May 2007 | 19 August 2007 | --- |
2008-09 | New York | United States | Museum of Modern Art | Van Gogh at the Colours of the Night | 21 September 2008 | 5 January 2009 | 34 |